نشریه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری
سال دوازدهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 38، بهار 1401)

Women's Startup event at the national and international levels have often sought to resolve the problem of women in the field of employment, regardless of their social value maximization. Among these, Khatun’s event has a different approach than previous events to solve the problems of women. The main goal of this institution is to reduce the controversies caused by the simultaneous implementation of family and occupational roles that have had a negative impact on families. Networking and connecting women active in cultural, educational and social fields, developing women's creativity and innovation in these areas, transforming cultural-educational ideas into product, financial and spiritual support for ideas, achieving real and effective solutions for problems of women's have been the objectives of Khatun Institute. In the present article, firstly, the literature on the startup events focusing on women’s role is studied, then, using action research methodology the Khatoon Educational, Cultural and Social Center as an successful Event in Iran, is evaluated The theoretical and practical results of this even as a successful event in Iran were to foster creative ideas for women, raise women's awareness and skills, and promote their social role, along with maintaining their role...

The complex and ever-changing situation the organizations face requires a approach that can quickly adapt to new conditions. strategic agility is considered as a approach to deal with complex situations. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the Antecedents and consequences of strategic agility with a dynamic capabilities approach in the The Active Banks in Ilam province. This research has been obtained in terms of applied purpose and its objectives through exploratory orientation. The statistical population of the study is the active banks in Ilam province that the data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 11 banking experts. The sampling method in this study was a combination of theoretical sampling method and snowball and sampling continued until theoretical saturation. The validity of the research was assessed through Member checking, Peer examination and participatory research. The reliability of the research was assessed by setting a principled and logical process in the interviews as well as recording the details of the research. The collected data were analyzed using open, axial and selective coding techniques by Strauss and Corbin (1998). Findings showed that strategic agility with dynamic capabilities approach including macro-environmental factors (environmental dynamics, Internationalization capability in the banking industry, financial and economic barriers, technological disruption) and organizational and managerial factors (responsiveness, Ability to develop electronic and digital banking, Design and development of new services, poor thinking and strategic foresight, Structural problems, cultural problems and professional problems). Consequences of strategic agility with dynamic capabilities approach also include external consequences (competitive advantage and Brand upgrade) and internal consequences (increased productivity and profitability).

In recent decades, the general public of the world is involved in employment issues and problems. Has been. Now, if Iran wants to follow the path of the resistance economy considered by the Leader of the Islamic Revolution, it must pay attention to the capacities of e-commerce businesses. The success of these businesses also depends on the strategies adopted by the founders and the business environment, which with a coherent model of commercialization of their business activities can advance the problems and challenges. Reduce themselves to a minimum. Therefore, the present study explains and designs the commercialization model of services provided by businesses active in the field of e-commerce. The present study is a qualitative research with the foundation data theory approach. The field of research has been the founders of start-ups and knowledgeable individuals in the field of commercialization of services provided by e-commerce businesses. In this regard, purposive sampling was used in Abenda and then the snowball method was used. The number of participants in the study using the theoretical saturation index reached 14 people. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and library and internship documents. The research results show 22 main categories that are drawn in a paradigm. At the core of the paradigm model is the commercialization of services.

Today, in addition to having a skilled and capable manpower, organizations need an eager manpower and interested in work. Job engagement in employees has long been regarded by many researchers in behavioral science and attempts to identify its antecedents have been studied. One of these factors is the perception of organizational politics. Although some studies have shown that perceived organizational politics has a negative effect on job engagement, but the potential capacity of the two variables; organizational silence and voice as a mediator can play an important role in this effect. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Perceived Organizational Politics on job engagement with emphasis on mediating role of organizational silence and voice. This study was conducted on a random sample of 367 employees of Khuzestan Steel Company. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection. Data were collected by standard questionnaires with validity and reliability and analyzed using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS software. The results of testing the research hypotheses showed that perception of organizational politics both directly (with path coefficient of -0.195 and t-statistic, 3.357) and indirectly -with respect to the mediating role of organizational silence and voice- (with path coefficients of 0.025, -0.037 and t-statistic, 0.635, 0.96) has a significant effect on job engagement, respectively. The results of the data analysis showed that increasing the perception of organizational politics leads to increasing organizational silence and reducing organizational voice of employees, and thus affects and weakened their job engagement, and vice versa. In this regard, some approaches and frameworks have been proposed as practical recommendations to explain and prescribe policy-making, and limitations and research suggestions have been presented.

Due to the differences in the structure and performance of "Companies Providing Intelligent Transportation Services" with "Traditional Transportation Companies", their activities have faced many legal challenges. One of the challenges concerning these companies is their "Legal Nature". This study aims to identify the legal nature of "Companies Providing Intelligent Transportation Services" in the legal systems of Iran, the United States, and the European Union. This research is applied in terms of purpose and is written based on the descriptive-analytical method and based on library documents and resources. In this paper, Snapp and Uber Companies have been studied. Using technologies such as artificial intelligence, mobile phones, and the Internet, these companies present themselves as mere intermediaries between the driver and the passenger user; Therefore, they are not a party to the contract of carriage and will not be responsible for these services. However, the research findings, which have been obtained based on the study of the technical and legal structure of the performance of these companies, refute the mentioned claims and show their role beyond an intermediary. Using their apps, companies have strongly interfered in the relationships between their drivers and passenger users (Matching and Connecting them, Determining the price of transportation, Requesting ratings for each other, and managing them according to the mentioned ratings, etc.), which determines their legal nature. Also, Companies use their internal "Terms and Conditions" to regulate drivers and passenger users within their rules and require them to comply with their regulations. As a result, these factors have led various governments to subject the legal nature of these companies to "Transportation" regulations by enacting specific regulations or identifying them as one of the existing entities, and identifying them as "Carriers".

One of the main missions of universities is to help the development and transformation of societies through education and research. In this regard, constructive interactions and communications between universities and local and global societies can help achieve this mission. Moreover, the university social responsibility (USR) helps universities be more connected with their environment in recognizing problems and also providing appropriate solutions. The main purpose of this paper is to identify and categorize the criteria for evaluating the effective relationship between the university and the society from the literature. The criteria identified from previous studies have been classified into seven main groups. The results can help to assess the current situation and prioritize the strategies of universities for more effective communication with society.

Export promotion and support for the internationalization of enterprises is always on the public agenda. Export promotion programs are among the policies implemented to remove barriers to the presence of companies especially small and medium-sized companies in international markets. Although the export of technology-based products currently accounts for a small share of the country's exports, but due to the development of the ecosystem of technology-based firms in recent years and the relative success of these companies in meeting the country's needs, these companies have the potential to enter global markets; which is very important for their survival. This article provides a comprehensive overview of studies in the field of export promotion programs and the features and main components of these programs. By presenting a thematic classification of the studies, this study will examine the dimensions of the level of development of societies, functions and management and financial structure of these agencies, efficiency and effectiveness of programs and specific requirements of high technology products. Five main decision-making areas in the field of support programs have been identified: the level of awareness of export development programs, support based on the size or export experience of the company, the level of private sector participation in the board of export promotion agencies, and finally the presence of active diplomatic representatives. Finally, in order to improve the current knowledge of managers, the implications of the studies conducted for export policy makers of technology-based firms will be presented.